This document describes the default keyboard shortcuts of Inkscape, corresponding to the share/keys/default.xml file in Inkscape distribution. Most (but not all) of these keys are configurable by the user; see the default.xml file for details on how to do that.

Unless noted otherwise, keypad keys (such as arrows, Home, End, +, -, digits) are supposed to work the same as corresponding regular keys. If you have a new shortcut idea, please contact the developers (by writing to the devel mailing list or by submitting an RFE).

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s Selector Selector (temporary) Space switches to the Selector tool temporarily; another Space switches back. n Node tool z Zoom tool r Rectangle tool e Ellipse/arc tool p Freehand (Pencil) tool b Bezier (Pen) tool c Calligraphic tool g Gradient tool d Dropper tool t Text tool i Spiral tool * Star tool o Connector tool Double click on the tool buttons opens the Preferences dialog showing the page of the corresponding tool.
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F Fill and Stroke W Swatches T Text and Font M Transform L Layers A Align and Distribute O Object Properties H Undo history X XML Editor D Document Preferences P Inkscape Preferences E Export to PNG F Find B Trace bitmap These open a new dialog window if it wasn't open yet, otherwise the corresponding dialog gets focus. Toggle visibility toggle dialogs This temporarily hides all open dialogs; another F12 shows them again. Within a dialog return to the canvas W close the dialog jump to next widget jump to previous widget set the new value This accepts the new value you typed in a text field and returns focus to canvas. in XML Editor, set the attr value When editing an attribute value in XML Editor, this sets the new value (same as clicking the "Set attribute" button). activate current button or list in a multi-tab dialog, switch tabs
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The Controls bar at the top of the document window provides different buttons and controls for each tool. X jump to the first editable field accept the new value This accepts the new value you typed in a text field and returns focus to canvas. cancel changes, return to canvas This cancels any changes you made in a text field and returns focus to canvas. Z cancel changes This cancels any changes you made in a text field but you stay in the field. jump to next field jump to previous field Use these to navigate between fields in the Controls bar (the value in the field you leave, if changed, is accepted). Changing values change value by 0.1 change value by 5.0
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Zoom = + zoom in - zoom out The keypad +/- keys do zooming even when you are editing a text object, unless NumLock is on. zoom in zoom out zoom in or out zoom into the area Z activate zoom field The zoom field in the lower left corner of the window allows you to specify zoom level precisely. Preset zooms 1 zoom 1:1 2 zoom 1:2 3 zoom to selection 4 zoom to drawing 5 zoom to page E6 zoom to page width Zoom history ` (back quote) previous zoom ` next zoom With these keys, you can travel back and forth through the history of zooms in this session Scrolling (panning) scroll canvas Scrolling by keys is accelerated, i.e. it speeds up when you press Ctrl+arrows in quick succession, or press and hold. pan canvas pan canvas scroll canvas vertically scroll canvas horizontally Guides and grid drag off a ruler to create guide Drag off the horizontal or vertical ruler to create a new guideline. Drag a guideline onto the ruler to delete it. | \ toggle guides and snapping to guides If you want to have different values for guides visibility and snapping, set them via the Document Options dialog. When you create a new guide by dragging off the ruler, guide visibility and snapping are turned on. # 3 toggle grid and snapping to grid If you want to have different values for grid visibility and snapping, set them via the Document Options dialog. Note that only the 3 key on the main keyboard works, not on the keypad.
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These keys work both in the floating palette dialog and in the palette frame at the bottom of the window. set fill color on selection set stroke color on selection drag fill color to objects drag stroke color to objects To change fill/stroke of an object by dragging color on it, that object need not be selected. You can also drag colors to the Fill (F) and Stroke (S) indicators in the statusbar to change the selection.
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N create new document O open an SVG document E export to PNG I import bitmap or SVG P print document S save document S save under a new name Q exit Inkscape
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R toggle rulers B toggle scrollbars toggle fullscreen main menu Menus can also be activated by Alt with the letter underscored in the menu name. drop-down (context) menu W close document window This shuts down Inkscape if it was the only document window open. next document window previous document window These cycle through the active document windows forward and backward.
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move to layer above move to layer below These commands move the selected objects from one layer to another. raise layer lower layer raise layer to top lower layer to bottom These commands move the current layer among its siblings (normally other layers).
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Undo/redo Y Z undo Z Y redo Clipboard C copy selection This places a copy of the selection to the Inkscape clipboard. Text from text objects is also placed onto the system clipboard. X cut selection This works the same as "copy selection" followed by deleting the selection. V paste clipboard This places the clipboard objects at the mouse cursor, or at the center of the window if mouse is outside the canvas. When editing text with the text tool, this pastes the text from the system clipboard into the current text object. V paste in place This places the clipboard objects to the original location from which they were copied. V paste style This applies the style of the (first of the) coped object(s) to the current selection. If a gradient handle (in Gradient tool) or a text span (in Text tool) are selected, they get the style instead of the entire object. Duplicate D duplicate selection New object(s) are placed exactly over the original(s) and selected. Clone D clone object A clone can be moved/scaled/rotated/skewed independently, but it updates the path, fill, and stroke from its original. The clone is placed exactly over the original object and is selected. You can only clone one object at a time; if you want to clone several objects together, group them and clone the group. D unlink clone Unlinking a clone cuts the link to the original, turning the clone into a plain copy. D select original To find out which object this is a clone of, select the clone and give this command. The original will be selected. Bitmaps B create a bitmap copy This exports the selected object(s) (all other objects hidden) as PNG in the document's directory and imports it back. The imported bitmap is placed over the original selection and is selected. B trace bitmap This opens the Trace Bitmap dialog allowing you to convert a bitmap object to path(s). Patterns I object(s) to pattern This converts the selection to a rectangle with tiled pattern fill. I pattern to object(s) Each selected object with pattern fill is broken into the same object without fill and a single pattern object. Group U G group selected objects Use Ctrl+click to select objects within group. G U ungroup selected group(s) This removes only one level of grouping; press Ctrl+U repeatedly to ungroup nested groups. Z-order raise selection to top lower selection to bottom raise selection one step lower selection one step
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Convert to path C convert selected object(s) to path C convert stroke to path Booleans + union Union combines any number of objects into a single path, removing overlaps. - difference Difference works on 2 objects, extracting the top from the bottom. * intersection Intersection creates a path representing the common (overlapping) area of all selected objects. ^ exclusive OR (XOR) XOR is similar to Union, except that it works on 2 objects and removes areas where the objects overlap. / division (cut) Division cuts the bottom object into pieces by the top object, preserving the fill and stroke of the bottom. / cut path Cut Path cuts the bottom object's stroke only where it is intersected by the top path, removing any fill from the result. The result of Union, Difference, Intersection, and XOR inherits the id= attribute and therefore the clones of the bottom object. Division and Cut path normally produce several objects; of them, a random one inherits the id= of the bottom source object. Offsets ( inset path (towards center) ) outset path (away from center) The default offset distance is 2 px (SVG pixel units, not screen pixels). ( inset path by 1 pixel ) outset path by 1 pixel ( inset path by 10 pixels ) outset path by 10 pixels The actual distance for pixel offsets depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer adjustment. All the (, ) commands convert the object to path, if necessary, and produce regular path. J create dynamic offset J create linked offset These commands produce an offset object, editable by the node tool, standalone or linked to the original. D select source Selecting a linked offset and giving this command will select the source path of the linked offset. Combine K combine paths This is different from grouping in that combined paths create one object. This is different from Union in that overlapping areas are not affected. Whether overlapping areas are filled is controlled by the Fill: winding/alternating switch on the Fill & Stroke dialog. K break paths apart This attempts to break an object into constituent paths; it will fail if the object is one solid path. Simplify L simplify This command attempts to simplify selected path(s) by removing extra nodes. It converts all objects to paths first. If you invoke this command several times in quick succession, it will act more and more aggressively. Invoking Simplify again after a pause restores the default threshold (settable in the Inkscape Preferences dialog).
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Keyboard select select next object select previous object These keys pick objects in their z-order (Tab cycles from bottom to top, Shift+Tab cycles from top to bottom). Unless you did manual rearrangements, the last object you created is always on top. As a result, if nothing is selected, pressing Shift+Tab once conveniently selects the object you created last. This works on objects within the current layer (unless you change that in preferences). A select all (current layer) This works on objects within the current layer (unless you change that in preferences). A select all (all layers) This works on objects in all visible and unlocked layers. ! invert selection (current layer) This inverts selection (deselects what was selected and vice versa) in the current layer. ! invert selection (all layers) This inverts selection (deselects what was selected and vice versa) in visible and unlocked layers. deselect delete selection Keyboard move move selection by the nudge distance move selection by 10x nudge distance The default nudge distance is 2 px (SVG pixel units, not screen pixels). move selection by 1 pixel move selection by 10 pixels The actual distance for pixel movements depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer movement. Keyboard scale . > scale selection up by the scale step , < scale selection down by the scale step The default scale step is 2 px (SVG pixel units, not screen pixels). . > scale selection to 200% , < scale selection to 50% . > scale selection up by 1 pixel , < scale selection down by 1 pixel The actual size increment for pixel scaling depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer scaling. Scaling is uniform around the center, so that the size increment applies to the larger of the two dimensions. Keyboard rotate [ ] rotate selection by the angle step The default angle step is 15 degrees. ] rotates clockwise, [ rotates counterclockwise. [ ] rotate selection by 90 degrees [ ] rotate selection by 1 pixel The actual angle for pixel rotation depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer movement. These commands use the rotation center, draggable in Selector (by default it's in geometric center). Keyboard flip h flip selection horizontally v flip selection vertically Mouse select select an object When you left-click on an object, previous selection is deselected. toggle selection Shift+click adds an object to the current selection if it was not selected, or deselects it otherwise. edit the object For paths, double clicking switches to Node tool; for shapes, to corresponding shape tool; for text, to Text tool. For groups, double clicking performs the "Enter group" command (the group becomes temporary layer). Double clicking in empty space swithes to the parent layer in the hierarchy, if any. Select within group, select under select within group Ctrl+click selects the object at click point disregarding any levels of grouping that this object might belong to. toggle selection within group select under Alt+click selects the object at click point which is beneath (in z-order) the lowest selected object at click point. If the bottom object is reached, Alt+click again selects the top object. So, several Alt+clicks cycle through z-order stack at point. On Linux, Alt+click and Alt+drag may be reserved by the window manager. Reconfigure it so you can use them in Inkscape. toggle under select under, in groups toggle under, in groups enter group go to parent group/layer Rubberband select multiple objects Dragging around objects does "rubberband" selection; previous selection is deselected. add objects to selection Normally, you need to start from an empty space to initiate a rubberband. However, if you press Shift before dragging, Inkscape will do rubberband selection even if you start from an object. Mouse move select + move Dragging an object selects it if it was not selected, then moves selection. move selected Alt+drag moves the current selection (without selecting what is under cursor), no matter where you start the drag. On Linux, Alt+click and Alt+drag may be reserved by the window manager. Reconfigure it so you can use them in Inkscape. restrict movement to horizontal or vertical temporarily disable snapping This temporaily disables snapping to grid or guides when you are dragging with grid or guides on. drop a copy When dragging or transforming with mouse, each Space leaves a copy of the selected object. You can press and hold Space while dragging for a nice "trail." Mouse transform toggle scale/rotation handles scale (scale handles) rotate or skew (rotation handles) Scale handles scale scale preserving aspect ratio symmetric transformation Holding Shift while transforming makes transformation symmetric around the center of the selection. slow movement Holding Alt while transforming makes transformation lag behind mouse movement, allowing finer changes. Rotation/skew handles rotate or skew snap skew angle Holding Ctrl when dragging a skew (non-corner) handle snaps the skew angle to angle steps (default 15 degrees). snap rotation angle Holding Ctrl when dragging a rotation (corner) handle snaps the rotation angle to angle steps (default 15 degrees). Rotation center move rotation center Moved rotation center remembers its position for (all) selected object(s) until you reset it. reset rotation center Resetting rotation center moves it back to the geometric center of the object's or selection's bounding box. Cancel cancel rubberband, move, transformation Press Esc while mouse button is still down to cancel rubberband selection, move, or transformation of any kind.
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Keyboard select select next node select previous node These keys select nodes within the selected path A select all nodes in subpath(s) If the path has multiple subpaths and some nodes selected, this selects all only in subpaths with already selected nodes. A select all nodes in path This selects all nodes in the entire path. ! invert selection in subpath(s) If the path has multiple subpaths and some nodes selected, this inverts selection only in subpaths with already selected nodes. ! invert selection in path This inverts selection (deselects what was selected and vice versa) in the entire path. deselect all nodes Keyboard move move selected node(s) by the nudge distance move selected node(s) by 10x nudge distance The default nudge distance is 2 px (SVG pixel units, not screen pixels). move selected node(s) by 1 pixel move selected node(s) by 10 pixels The actual distance for pixel movements depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer movement. Keyboard handle scale (1 node selected) < > contract/expand both handles by scale step The default scale step is 2 px (SVG pixel units, not screen pixels). May apply to more than one node. < > scale left handle by the scale step < > scale right handle by the scale step < > scale left handle by 1 pixel < > scale right handle by 1 pixel The actual size increment for pixel scaling depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer scaling. Instead of the < and > keys, you can use the , (comma) and . (period) keys respectively. Keyboard handle rotate (1 node selected) [ ] rotate both handles by the angle step The default angle step is 15 degrees. ] rotates clockwise, [ rotates counterclockwise. May apply to more than one node. [ ] rotate left handle by the angle step [ ] rotate right handle by the angle step [ ] rotate left handle by 1 pixel [ ] rotate right handle by 1 pixel Keyboard scale (>1 nodes selected) These commands scale the selected nodes as if they were an "object", around the center of that object. . > scale nodes up by the scale step , < scale nodes down by the scale step The default scale step is 2 px (SVG pixel units, not screen pixels). . > scale nodes up by 1 pixel , < scale nodes down by 1 pixel The actual size increment for pixel scaling depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer scaling. Scaling is uniform around the center, so that the size increment applies to the larger of the two dimensions. Keyboard rotate (>1 nodes selected) These commands rotate the selected nodes as if they were an "object", around the center of that object. [ ] rotate nodes by the angle step The default angle step is 15 degrees. ] rotates clockwise, [ rotates counterclockwise. [ ] rotate nodes by 1 pixel The actual angle for pixel rotation depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer movement. Keyboard flip (>1 nodes selected) These commands flip the selected nodes as if they were an "object", around the center of that object. h flip nodes horizontally v flip nodes vertically Change segment(s) L make line U make curve These commands require that more than two adjacent nodes be selected. Change node type C make cusp S make smooth Y make symmetric When making smooth or symmetric, you can lock the position of one of the handles by hovering mouse over it. toggle smooth/cusp/symmetric Join/break J join selected nodes This requires that exactly two end nodes within the path be selected. You can lock the position of one of the two joined nodes by hovering mouse over it. B break selected node(s) After break, only one of each two new nodes is selected. May apply to more than one node. Delete, create, duplicate delete selected node(s) delete without preserving shape Deleting without Ctrl adjusts handles on the remaining nodes to preserve the shape of the curve as much as possible. Deleting with Ctrl does not touch the remaining nodes. create/delete node Ctrl+Alt+click on a node deletes it; Ctrl+Alt+click on the path between nodes creates a new node in the click point. Deleting nodes this way always tries to preserve the shape of the curve (same as Del/Backspace). create node Double clicking on the path between nodes creates a node in the click point. insert new node(s) This adds new node(s) in the middle(s) of selected segment(s), so it requires that more than two adjacent nodes be selected. D duplicate selected node(s) New nodes are created on the same path; they are placed exactly over the old ones and are selected. Mouse select: objects click a non-selected object to select select under toggle selection These work the same as in Selector. The nodes or handles of the single selected object become editable. Mouse select: nodes select a node Clicking on a node selects it. select two adjacent nodes Clicking on a selected path between the nodes selects the two nodes closest to the click point. toggle selection This adds/removes a node (if clicked on node) or two nodes (if clicked on path) to/from the node selection. deselect Clicking in an empty space deselects all selected nodes. Next click will deselect the object. Rubberband select multiple nodes Dragging around nodes does "rubberband" selection; previous node selection is deselected. add nodes to selection Normally, you need to start from a point not over a path or a node to initiate a rubberband. However, if you press Shift before dragging, Inkscape will do rubberband selection even if you start over the path. Node move (mouse) move selected nodes restrict movement to horizontal or vertical move along handles This restricts movement to the directions of the node's handles, their continuations and perpendiculars (total 8 snaps). If the node has straight lines on one or both sides, this will snap it to these lines' directions and perpendiculars instead. temporarily disable snapping Snapping nodes is enabled in Document Preferences. By default, only bounding box of objects snaps to grid/guides. drag out handle If a node has a retracted handle, dragging with Shift lets you drag it out of the node. drop a copy When dragging nodes with mouse, each Space leaves a copy of the selected object. You can press and hold Space while dragging for a nice "trail." Node handles move a node handle snap the handle to angle steps The default angle step is 15 degrees. This also snaps to the handle's original angle, its continuation and perpendiculars. rotate both handles lock the handle length Ctrl, Shift, Alt can be combined when dragging handles. retract the handle Retracted handle is zero length; use Shift+drag to drag it back out. Reversing r reverse path direction Editing shapes Node tool can also drag the handles of shapes (rectangles, ellipses, stars, spirals). Click on a shape to select it. See the corresponding shape tools for their editing shortcuts, all of which also work in node tool. Cancel cancel rubberband or move Press Esc while mouse button is still down to cancel rubberband selection, node move, handle move, or handle move.
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Drawing draw a rectangle make a square or integer-ratio rectangle This restricts rectangle so its height/width ratio is a whole number. draw around the starting point This creates a rectangle symmetric around the starting point of the mouse drag. Editing click an object to select select under toggle selection drag a handle to resize or round corners Initially, the two rounding handles are in the top right corner; two resize handles are in top left and bottom right corners. lock width, height, or ratio (resize handles) lock the corner circular (rounding handles) Resize handles change the width and height of the rectangle in its own coordinate system, before any transforms are applied. When rounding corners, dragging only one rounding handle (with the other at the corner) keeps the corner circular. You can drag both handles for an elliptic rounded corner, or drag one with Ctrl to make sure the other one is synchronized. deselect
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Drawing draw an ellipse make circle or integer-ratio ellipse This restricts ellipse so its height/width ratio is a whole number. draw around the starting point This creates an ellipse symmetric around the starting point of the mouse drag. Editing click an object to select select under toggle selection drag a handle to resize, make arc or segment Initially, the two arc/segment handles are in the rightmost point; two resize handles are at the topmost and leftmost points. lock circle (resize handles) snap to angle steps (arc/segment handles) Resize handles change the width and height of the ellipse in its own coordinate system, before any transforms are applied. The default angle step is 15 degrees. deselect
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Drawing draw a star snap star to angle steps The default angle step is 15 degrees. Editing click an object to select select under toggle selection drag a handle to vary the star shape keep star rays radial (no skew) round the star remove rounding randomize the star remove randomization deselect
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Drawing draw a spiral snap spiral to angle steps The default angle step is 15 degrees. Editing click an object to select select under toggle selection roll/unroll from inside (inner handle) Dragging the inner handle adjusts the "inner radius" parameter. converge/diverge (inner handle) reset divergence (inner handle) Vertical Alt+drag of the inner handle adjusts the "divergence" parameter, Alt+click resets it to 1. zero inner radius (inner handle) Shift+click on inner handle makes the spiral start from the center. roll/unroll from outside (outer handle) Dragging the outer handle adjusts the "turns" parameter. Use Shift+Alt+drag to roll/unroll without changing radius. scale/rotate (outer handle) Use Shift+Alt to rotate only (locks the radius of the spiral). snap handles to angle steps The default angle step is 15 degrees. This works for both handles. deselect
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zoom in zoom out zoom into the area
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draw a freehand line add to selected path If a path is selected, Shift+dragging anywhere creates a new subpath instead of a new independent path. temporarily disable snapping Shift also temporaily disables snapping to grid or guides when you are drawing with grid or guides on.
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Create nodes create a sharp node If no path is being created, this starts a new path. add to selected path If a path is selected, Shift+clicking anywhere starts a new subpath instead of a new independent path. create a bezier node with two handles move only one handle This moves only one handle (instead of both) while creating a node, making it cusp. snap the handle to angle steps The default angle step is 15 degrees. Move last node These commands move the last created node (at the start of the red segment) while creating a path. move last node by the nudge distance move last node by 10x nudge distance The default nudge distance is 2 px (SVG pixel units, not screen pixels). move last node by 1 pixel move last node by 10 pixels The actual distance for pixel movements depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer movement. Create/modify segments snap last segment to angle steps This snaps the new node's angle, relative to the previous node, to angle steps (default 15 degrees). L make last segment line U make last segment curve These commands change the last (red) segment of the path to straight line or curve. Finish finish current line finish current line finish current line Enter, right click, or double left click finish the current line, discarding the last unfinished (red) segment. Cancel z cancel current line erase last segment of current line
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draw a calligraphic line adjust pen width adjust pen angle Width and angle can be adjusted while drawing. deselect
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Creating gradients create gradient This creates gradient on selected objects. The Controls bar lets you select linear/radial and fill/stroke for the new gradient. create default gradient This creates default (horizontal edge-to-edge for linear, centered edge-to-edge-to-edge for radial) gradient on clicked object. Handles select next handle select previous handle move selected handle by the nudge distance move selected handle by 10x nudge distance The default nudge distance is 2 px (SVG pixel units, not screen pixels). move selected handle by 1 pixel move selected handle by 10 pixels The actual distance for pixel movements depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer movement. deselect handle open gradient editor Double clicking a gradient handle opens the Gradient Editor with that gradient and the clicked handle chosen in the stops list. Reversing r reverse gradient definition This mirrors the stop positions of the current gradient without moving the gradient handles. Mouse select click an object to select select under toggle selection
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pick fill color pick stroke color average fill color average stroke color Click applies the color under cursor to the current selection. Dragging a radius calculates the average color of a circular area. If a gradient handle (in Gradient tool) is selected, it gets the color instead of the entire object. pick inverse color If Alt is pressed, picking color (with or without Shift, by click or by drag) picks the inverse of the color. C copy color This copies the color under cursor to the system clipboard, as text in RRGGBBAA format (8 hex digits).
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Selecting/creating create/select a text object Clicking in an empty space or on a non-text creates a text object; now you can type your text. Clicking on a text object selects it; cursor is placed near the click point. deselect the text object Text navigation move cursor by one character move cursor by one word move cursor by one paragraph go to beginning/end of line go to beginning/end of text All these commands cancel current text selection, if any. Flowed text (internal frame) create flowed text Clicking and dragging in an empty space or on a non-text creates a flowed text object with internal frame. adjust frame size Dragging the handle in the lower right corner of the selected flowed text changes width/height of the frame. lock width, height, or ratio of frame Dragging the corner handle with Ctrl resizes the frame preserving either width, or height, or ratio. Flowed text (external frame) W flow text into frame With a text object and a shape/path selected, this flows text into the shape/path. Both remain separate objects, but are linked; editing the shape/path causes the text to reflow. W unflow text from frame This cuts the flowed text's link to the shape/path, producing a single-line regular text object. D select external frame To find out which object is the frame of this flowed text, select it and press Shift+D. The frame will be selected. Text on path D select path from text To find out which path this text is put on, select it and press Shift+D. The path will be selected. Editing text To type + and - characters, use the main keyboard; keypad + and - are reserved for zoom (unless NumLock is on). start a new line or paragraph Enter in regular text creates new line; in flowed text it creates a new paragraph U toggle Unicode entry To insert an arbitrary Unicode character, type Ctrl+U, then the hexadecimal code point, then Enter. For example, Ctrl+U 2 0 1 4 Enter inserts an em-dash. To stay in Unicode mode after inserting the character, press Space instead of Enter. Press Esc or another Ctrl+U to cancel Unicode mode without inserting the character. insert no-break space A no-break space is visible even in a text object without xml:space="preserve". Selecting text select text Left-dragging over a text object selects a text span. select text by character select text by word select to beginning/end of line select to beginning/end of text select word select line A select all text This selects the entire text of the current text object. Styling selection B make selection bold I make selection italic Also, you can use the Text&Font or Fill&Stroke dialogs to assign any style to text selection. Letter spacing > expand line/paragraph by 1 pixel > expand line/paragraph by 10 pixels < contract line/paragraph by 1 pixel < contract line/paragraph by 10 pixels These commands (only when editing text) adjust letter spacing in the current line (regular text) or paragraph (flowed text). The actual adjustment for pixel movements depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer adjustment. Line spacing > make the text object taller by 1 pixel > make the text object taller by 10 pixels < make the text object shorter by 1 pixel < make the text object shorter by 10 pixels These commands (only when editing text) adjust line spacing in the entire text object (regular or flowed). The actual adjustment for pixel movements depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer adjustment. Kerning and shifting shift characters by 1 pixel shift characters by 10 pixels These commands work when editing a regular text object. Kerning does not work in flowed text. With no selection, they shift (horizontally or vertically) the characters after the cursor until the end of line. With selection, they shift the selection relative to the rest of text (by inserting opposite kerns at both ends of selection). The actual adjustment for pixel movements depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer adjustment. Rotating [ ] rotate character(s) by 90 degrees [ ] rotate character(s) by 1 pixel These commands rotate the next character (without selection) or all characters in the selection (with selection). Rotation only works in regular text (not flowed text). The actual angle for pixel rotation depends on zoom level. Zoom in for finer movement.